Network Topologies

Network Topologies Visually

Learn network topologies including star, ring, bus, mesh, and hybrid with interactive network diagrams and performance comparisons.

Network Topologies Bus Topology Star Topology Ring Topology Mesh Topology Hybrid Topology Visual Learning
Star Topology

All devices connect to a central hub or switch

Star Topology Characteristics

In a star topology, all devices are connected to a central hub. Data passes through the hub to reach its destination.

Advantages
  • Easy to install and configure
  • Failure of one node doesn't affect others
  • Easy to detect faults
  • Good performance with few nodes
Disadvantages
  • Central hub is single point of failure
  • Requires more cable than bus topology
  • Hub can become bottleneck
  • More expensive due to hub cost
Ring Topology

Devices are connected in a circular fashion

Ring Topology Characteristics

In a ring topology, each device is connected to exactly two other devices, forming a circular data path.

Advantages
  • Equal access to network resources
  • No collisions (token passing)
  • Predictable performance
  • Simple to implement
Disadvantages
  • Single node failure breaks entire network
  • Difficult to troubleshoot
  • Adding/removing nodes is complex
  • Slower than star topology
Bus Topology

All devices share a common communication line

Bus Topology Characteristics

In a bus topology, all devices are connected to a single communication line called the bus or backbone.

Advantages
  • Uses least amount of cable
  • Easy to extend
  • Cost-effective for small networks
  • Simple to implement
Disadvantages
  • Bus failure affects entire network
  • Difficult to isolate faults
  • Performance degrades with more nodes
  • Collision problems
Mesh Topology

Every device is connected to every other device

Mesh Topology Characteristics

In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated point-to-point connection with every other device.

Advantages
  • Highly reliable and fault-tolerant
  • Multiple paths for data transmission
  • High security and privacy
  • No traffic congestion
Disadvantages
  • Very expensive to implement
  • Complex installation and maintenance
  • Requires lots of cables
  • Difficult to configure

Topology Comparison

Topology Cost Reliability Performance Scalability Maintenance
Star
Ring
Bus
Mesh